Which environmental regulation must coal mines adhere to?

The answer provided suggests that coal mines must adhere to the Clean Water Act, which primarily regulates discharges of pollutants into the waters of the United States and establishes quality standards for surface waters. While this act is indeed significant in protecting water resources from pollution, it is important to recognize that coal mines are subject to various environmental regulations, one of which is specifically tailored for mining operations.

The Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act is designed to regulate the environmental effects of coal mining in the United States. This act establishes mandatory standards for mining operations, including measures for land restoration and the protection of the environment. It mandates that mining companies develop plans for reclaiming mined lands, ensuring that coal mining does not irreparably harm the surrounding ecosystem.

While the Clean Water Act plays a crucial role in regulating water pollution that can result from mining activities, the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act specifically addresses the broader environmental practices and reclamation processes that coal mines must follow. Therefore, it provides a more direct regulatory framework concerning the operations and impact of coal mining activities.